The working principle of medical ultrasonic examination is similar to that of sonar, that is, the ultrasonic wave is transmitted into the human body.

When it encounters an interface in the body, it will be reflected and refracted, and may be absorbed and attenuated in human tissue. Because the shapes and structures of various tissues in the human body are different, so their degrees of reflection, refraction, and absorption of ultrasonic waves are also different. they. In addition, combined with anatomical knowledge, normal and pathological changes, it is possible to diagnose whether the examined organs are diseased.

At present, there are different forms of ultrasonic diagnostic methods used by doctors, which can be divided into four categories: A type, B type, M type and D type.

Type A Ultrasound: It is a method to display tissue characteristics with waveforms, and is mainly used to measure the diameter of organs to determine their size. It can be used to identify some physical characteristics of diseased tissue, such as the presence of substance, liquid or gas.

B-mode ultrasound: use the form of plane graphics to display the specific conditions of the tissue being probed. During inspection, firstly, the reflected signal of the human body interface is converted into light spots of different strengths, which can be displayed through the fluorescent screen. This method is intuitive, repeatable, and can be compared before and after, so it is widely used in obstetrics and gynecology. Diagnosis of systemic diseases such as urology, urology, digestion and cardiovascular system.

M-mode ultrasound: It is a method used to observe the time change of the active interface. It is most suitable for checking the activity of the heart. The dynamic change of its curve is called echocardiography. It can be used to observe the position, activity state, and structural status of each layer of the heart. It is mostly used to assist in the diagnosis of heart and great vessel diseases.

D-mode ultrasound: It is an ultrasonic diagnostic method specially used to detect blood flow and organ activity, also known as Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic method. It can determine whether the blood vessel is smooth, whether the lumen is narrowed, occluded, and the location of the lesion. The new generation of D-mode ultrasound can also quantitatively measure the flow of blood in the lumen. In recent years, scientists have developed a color-coded Doppler system, which can display the direction of blood flow in different colors under the indication of echocardiographic anatomical landmarks, and the depth of color represents the flow velocity of blood flow. Now there are three-dimensional ultrasound imaging, ultrasound CT, ultrasound endoscopy and other ultrasound technologies are emerging, and can also be used in combination with other inspection instruments to greatly improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis. Ultrasound technology is playing a huge role in the medical field. With the progress of science, it will be more perfect and better benefit mankind

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