Why is the electrocardiogram detected ? What is the function?

Electrocardiogram examination has the advantages of simple method, no trauma and no pain for patients, and repeated examination. Since it was invented at the beginning of this century, it has become an indispensable auxiliary examination means for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and critical patient monitoring. Its founder, Einthoven, won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1924. The electrocardiogram is not only of great significance to the diagnosis of the cardiovascular system, but also helps to judge the impact of other diseases on the heart. Specific clinical applications include:

(1) It is of certain value in the diagnosis of arrhythmia. After the electrical excitation of the heart is sent from the atrial node, it is transmitted to various parts of the heart through the conduction system at a certain frequency, sequence and speed. If there is an abnormality in the electrical excitation or in the conduction process, it will cause arrhythmia, and it can further affect other types, which is of great significance to clinical diagnosis and treatment.

(2) The diagnosis of myocardial infarction in coronary heart disease has high accuracy. It can not only determine whether there is myocardial infarction, but also judge the stage, location, scope and evolution of infarction.

(3) It is helpful for the diagnosis of cardiac atrioventricular hypertrophy, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, coronary insufficiency, pericarditis and pericardial effusion.

(4) It is helpful to understand the influence of certain drugs, such as digitalis, quinidine, propranolol, antimony, etc. on the heart, to assist in the diagnosis and adjustment of certain programs, and to be helpful in the selection of drug dosage, usage and curative effect judgment. significance.

(5) Help diagnose human blood electrolyte disorder, such as hyperkalemia and hypokalemia and hyperkalemia and hypokalemia.

(6) Electrocardiogram has diagnostic value for abnormal heart position.

(7) Determine the impact of certain diseases on the heart, such as rheumatic fever, connective tissue disease, virus and mycoplasma infection, acute infectious disease, etc.

(8) The electrocardiogram can be used as a time marker of cardiac telegram information, and it is often recorded synchronously with cardiac function measurements such as phonocardiogram, echocardiography, and negative blood flowgram, as well as other cardiac electrophysiological studies, so as to facilitate the determination of the cycle of cardiac activity. time phase.

(9) Electrocardiogram monitoring has been widely used in surgical anesthesia, drug observation, aerospace and sports ECG monitoring and rescue of critically ill patients.

(10) To assist in the etiological diagnosis of syncope of unknown cause.